| Masoud Alimohammadi | |
|---|---|
| Born | August 24, 1959 Tehran, Iran |
| Died | January 12, 2010 (aged 50) Tehran, Iran |
| Nationality | Iranian |
| Fields | Particle physics |
Masoud Alimohammadi (Persian: مسعود علیمحمدی) (August 24, 1959 – 12 January 2010) was an Iranian quantum field theorist and elementary-particle physicist and a distinguished professor of elementary particle physics at Department of Physics of University of Tehran.[1] He was assassinated on the morning of 12 January 2010 (some minutes before 8 o'clock, local time) in front of his home in Tehran, while leaving for university.[2] His burial is arranged at Emamzādeh Ali-Akbar Chizar [3] in Tehran for Thursday 14 January 2010.[4][5]
Professor Alimohamadi was the first PhD graduate student in physics of the Sharif University of Technology. He published some 53 articles and letters in peer-reviewed academic journals[6] and wrote and translated several physics textbooks,[7] including Modern Quantum Mechanics, revised edition, by J. J. Sakurai, which he translated from English into Persian in collaboration with Hamidreza Moshfegh.
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He entered Shiraz University in 1978 where he obtained his BSc in 1985. He subsequently moved to the Sharif University of Technology in Tehran, to study for his MSc in Physics. In 1988 he began with his PhD studies at this University as one of its first PhD students in physics. He obtained his PhD there in 1992.
He was a quantum field theorist with interests in such diverse fields as Condensed matter physics (Quantum Hall effect in curved geometries), cosmology (modified gravity, dark energy, etc.) and string theory.[8] Although field-theoretical methods have wide-ranging applications in many branches of theoretical physics (and applied mathematics), quantum field theory is a subject matter quite distinct from nuclear physics, nuclear engineering in general, and nuclear weapons and nuclear power in particular. Consequently, the reports in some media that Professor Alimohammadi was a nuclear physicist are unequivocally incorrect. Iran's Atomic Energy Agency has in an official statement rejected the governmental media reports that Professor Alimohammadi was associated with Iran's nuclear program.[9]
Professor Alimohammadi was a Council Member of International Centre for Synchrotron-Light for Experimental Science Applications in the Middle East.[10] He was a professor at Tehran University's Physics faculty. Some sites claimed he was a professor at Imam Hossein University.[11][12] but Iranian analyst Muhammad Sahimi writes "He was not affiliated with the IRGC-controlled universities, namely Malek-e Ashtar and Emam Hossein universities."[13]
Dr Ahmad Shirzad (reformist member of the 6th Iranian Parliament, professor of physics in Isfahan and Masoud Alimohammadi's close friend) writes "In general his beliefs and actions were close to that of moderate Muslims... During the past couple of years he had ideologically become very close to the reformist movement. In the past few elections before the recent presidency election, he had voted for the reformist candidates and had been campaigning for them too." Shirzad adds that Alimohammadi told him how he and his students took part in 2009 Iranian election protests, June 16.[14]
The governmental media portrayed him as a "revolutionary and staunch supporter of Islamic Revolution".[15] It has been claimed by Tehran University’s Basij, or voluntary Islamist student militia, that his name was on a list of sanctioned individuals connected with Iranian nuclear program.[11] but, he was not on a compiled list [16] Mohammadi was among 240 university professors who signed a letter before the 2009 Presidential Election expressing support for the main opposition candidate, Mir Hussein Moussavi.[17]
On reporting his burial, Al-Jazeera's English web site reported on his lack of political involvement deepening the confusion over what motivation could have been behind the murder. They reported, "one of Ali Mohammadi's close friends (was quoted) as saying that the professor was never a political activist," and that, "... Mohammadi had very deep reformist tendencies but never mixed it up with his professional character." Ali Moghara, who heads the physics faculty at Tehran University, said Ali Mohammadi was just a "world famous" physicist who engaged in "no political activity".[18]
He was married to Mansoureh Karami (منصوره كرمی).
At 07:58 am, a booby-trapped motorbike parked near his car exploded while he was leaving home in Gheytariyeh neighbourhood of northern Tehran, for university.[19][20] The windows of residences around the scientist's home were shattered by the force of remote controlled explosion, and it has been reported that two other people had also been injured in the blast.[19][21][22]
Initial reports of who has been behind the bombing were disputed. Iranian state media accused Israel and the US of responsibility, while the US State Department called the allegation "absurd".[23] Ynetnews noted, that for the major Israeli news outlet, there is no known connection between his participation in the SESAME, an international synchrotron-radiation facility located in Jordan, and the assassination.[24] According to US intelligence sources Israel is running a secret war against Iran, among techniques used are the killing of important persons in the Iranian atomic energy program.[25]
Another source found the assassination of "a 50-year-old researcher with no prominent political voice, no published work with military relevance and no declared links to Iran's nuclear program", as puzzling, although there were comparisons with the disappearance of Shahram Amiri in 2009 and the death of Ardeshir Hosseinpour in 2007.[26]
Iran's English-language Press TV reported that a U.S. based pro-monarchist group, the Kingdom Assembly of Iran (called the Iran Royal Association by PressTV[27]) has claimed responsibility for the bombing[28] a claim which other sources say the Association has denied having made.[29]
On 25th Jan 2010, Iran summoned the Swiss ambassador to Iran, who is representing the interests of United States in Iran, demanding the extradition of individuals associated with U.S. based Tondar group, whom Iran believes are behind the bombing.[30]
On January 14, Alimohammadi was buried. Timesonline described it as "Supporters of Iran’s regime hijacked the funeral" As his body was carried from his home in northern Tehran hundreds of government loyalists surrounded it and were shown on Iranian television waving Iranian flags and chanting anti-American and anti-Israeli slogans.[31]
The Iranian government has initiated an investigation and termed the blast a "terror attack with the aim of stalling Iranian scientific progress".[32][33] Iran's Press TV quoted the ministry spokesman Ramin Mehman-Parast, "Primary investigations into the assassination revealed signs of the involvement of the Zionist regime of Israel, the US and their allies in Iran". In the same article a professor at Tehran University is quoted as having said, "It is widely believed among colleagues that he was assassinated by terrorist organizations probably supported by the United States and with connections with the Americans and the Israelis under different names".[34] On January 13, 2010 Parliament Speaker Ali Larijani said, "We had received information a few days before the incident that intelligence services of the Zionist regime of Israel intend to carry out terrorist acts in Tehran in cooperation with the CIA".[35]
In January 2011, Iranian television broadcast a confession by Majid Jamali Fashi to murdering Mohammadi on behalf of Mossad. In August 2011, he was convicted and sentenced to death.[36]
According to the state-owned television network Press TV, The Iran Royal Association, an "obscure" group seeking the restoration of the monarchy, claimed that its "Tondar Commandos" are behind the assassination.[37] The BBC's Tehran correspondent Jon Leyne reported: "Iranian media were unusually quick off the mark to report the killing, to show television pictures, and to give the sort of details that usually only emerge after hours, days, or weeks in this secretive state".[38]
A former senior official expressed doubt about the official account of Alimohammadi's assassination, and expressed concern that the assassination could be used as an excuse for violence against opposition protesters: “This is an old trick,” he said. “They did it themselves but blame it on opposition groups so that they can easily begin issuing death sentences for protesters. I think this means there could be more violence against the opposition.”[17] (See False Flag)
Opposition groups who monitor Hezbollah, the militant Lebanese movement, in Tehran, claim that a member of Hezbollah, known by his pseudonym “Abu Nasser”, was photographed at the scene of the explosion in Tehran’s affluent Gheytarih suburb.[39]
According to Iranian-Israeli analyst Meir Javedanfar, It is "possible that Mohammadi was assassinated by a foreign intelligence agency" with the aim of stopping the Iranian nuclear program and also causing embarrassment for the government of Ahmadinejad.[40][41] Flynt Leverett, director of New America Foundation, said that while it is "highly unlikely that the United States was directly involved" in the assassination, it is "possible that a group or an individual" who has received financial support as part of the $400 million dollar US covert activities program initiated under Bush administration against Iran, might have carried out the assassination.[42]
However, Iranian analyst Muhammad Sahimi thinks it unlikely that the murder was directed against Iran's nuclear progam as it is engineers, not nuclear physicists, who are "leading" that program, and in any case Alimohammadi's research was in the general area of particle physics, "which is of a fundamental, rather than practical nature". Ali-Mohammadi was also not under contract with Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, according to its spokesman Ali Shirzadian, nor was he affiliated with the universities under the control of the Revolutionary Guard (Malek-Ashtar University of Technology and Imam Hossein University).[13] On the other hand "a source in Tehran" told Sahimi that Alimohammadi had worked with the Islamic Revolution Guards "on several projects in the past," and this knowledge combined with the Guard's penchant for exacting vengeance against "anyone who deserts them and joins the opposition" adds to "the suspicion that the hardliners may have had something to do with" his murder.[13]
Aljazeera reported that authorities on condition of anonymity have confirmed his involvement with Iranian nuclear program.[43] The Economist also quoted anonymous Western sources describing him as "one of the most important people involved in the [nuclear] programme".[44] It has also been reported that he was a professor at Tehran University's Physics faculty as well as a professor at the IRGC run, Imam Hossein University which houses a physics research center apparently under control of IRGC.[11] There has also been reports of a decapitation program as part of a covert war against Iran, with the aim of assassinating people that are or have been involved with Iranian nuclear program,[25][45][46] much like a similar successful program conducted in Iraq, resulting in assassination of hundreds of Iraqi scientists.[47][48][49][50][51] There are also reports of Israel's involvement in these covert actions,[52] while other reports suggest the creation of a joint assassination team put together by western democracies to neutralize Iranian scientists and engineers.[53][54]